Technology Cycles Reference Repository
Currently, a six-volume series titled “The Origins of Technology Cycles” is underway. As each volume is completed, the bibliographies and innovations listings will be deposited here in the Technology Cycles Reference Repository.
Technology Cycle One: Textiles & Canals
1768 – 1829
The first technology cycle is very commonly referred to as the Industrial Revolution
Bibliography for Technology Cycle One
Innovations & Technology Improvements listing for Technology Cycle One
Technology Cycle Two: Steam & Railroads
1830 – 1873
The second technology cycle is also commonly called the Second Industrial Revolution
Bibliography for Technology Cycle Two
Innovations & Technology Improvements listing for Technology Cycle Two
Technology Cycle Three: Steel, Electricity, & Heavy Engineering
1875 – 1918
The third technology cycle was the vertical build-out of infrastructure. Age of smokestacks
Bibliography for Technology Cycle Three
Innovations & Technology Improvements listing for Technology Cycle Three
Technology Cycle Four: Autos, Oil & Mass Production
1908 – 1974
The fourth technology cycle was the horizontal build-out of infrastructure-age of mass production
Bibliography for Technology Cycle Four
Innovations & Technology Improvements listing for Technology Cycle Four
Technology Cycle Five: Age of Information & Telecommunications
1971 – ????
The fifth technology cycle is the build-out of digital infrastructure—age of Information
Bibliography for Technology Cycle Five
Innovations & Technology Improvements listing for Technology Cycle Five